KEOD 2016 Abstracts

Full Papers Short Papers
Full Papers
Paper Nr: 9
Title:

A Smart System for Haptic Quality Control - Introducing an Ontological Representation of Sensory Perception Knowledge
Authors:

Bruno Albert, Cecilia Zanni-Merk, François de Bertrand de Beuvron, Jean-Luc Maire, Maurice Pillet, Julien Charrier and Christophe Knecht
Abstract: Perceived quality has become an important factor in the choice of products by customers. The human perception process involves complex phenomena at a physical and psychological level that enable us to sense the world and extract information about it. Because of the qualitative way humans represent and communicate sensations, the field of sensory perceptions makes extensive use of semantics. The use of knowledge-based systems in the field of perceived quality is hence natural. This project focuses on haptics in quality control in industry. In particular, the aim is to develop a smart system which will enable to make decisions about the haptic quality of a product. This paper introduces the framework used for the development of this smart system, based on the KREM model. An ontological structure is proposed in order to represent knowledge related to the measure of sensory perceptions in general, and of haptic ones in particular. The proposed domain ontologies about haptic control, that were elicited using semantic analysis, are aligned with the SSN ontology.
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Paper Nr: 19
Title:

Verifying and Mapping the Mereotopology of Upper-Level Ontologies
Authors:

Lydia Silva Muñoz and Michael Grüninger
Abstract: Upper-level ontologies provide an account of the most basic, domain-independent, existing entities, such as time, space, objects, and processes. Ontology verification is the process by which a theory is checked to rule out unintended models, and possibly characterize missing intended ones. In this paper, we verify the core characterization of mereotopology of the Suggested Upper Merged Ontology (SUMO), and the mereology of the Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering (DOLCE), while relating their axiomatizations via ontology mapping. As a result, we propose the correction and addition of some axioms to the analyzed theories which eliminate unintended models and characterize missing ones. In addition, we show by formal means which is the relation existing between the axiomatization of mereology in both upper-level ontologies, and make available a modular representation in first-order logic of the SUMO characterization of mereotopology.
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Paper Nr: 24
Title:

Proactive Prevention of False-Positive Conflicts in Distributed Ontology Development
Authors:

Lavdim Halilaj, Irlán Grangel-González, Maria-Esther Vidal, Steffen Lohmann and Sören Auer
Abstract: A Version Control System (VCS) is usually required for successful ontology development in distributed settings. VCSs enable the tracking and propagation of ontology changes, as well as collecting metadata to describe changes, e.g., who made a change at which point in time. Modern VCSs implement an optimistic approach that allows for simultaneous changes of the same artifact and provides mechanisms for automatic as well as manual conflict resolution. However, different ontology development tools serialize the ontology artifacts in different ways. As a consequence, existing VCSs may identify a huge number of false-positive conflicts during the merging process, i.e., conflicts that do not result from ontology changes but the fact that two ontology versions are differently serialized. Following the principle of prevention is better than cure, we designed SerVCS, an approach that enhances VCSs to cope with different serializations of the same ontology. SerVCS is based on a unique serialization of ontologies to reduce the number of false-positive conflicts produced whenever different serializations of the same ontology are compared. We implemented SerVCS on top of Git, utilizing tools such as Rapper and Rdf-toolkit for syntax validation and unique serialization, respectively. We have conducted an empirical evaluation to determine the conflict detection accuracy of SerVCS whenever simultaneous changes to an ontology are performed using different ontology editors. The evaluation results suggest that SerVCS empowers VCSs by preventing them from wrongly identifying serialization related conflicts.
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Paper Nr: 26
Title:

Model-Intersection Problems with Existentially Quantified Function Variables: Formalization and a Solution Schema
Authors:

Kiyoshi Akama and Ekawit Nantajeewarawat
Abstract: Built-in constraint atoms play a very important role in knowledge representation and are indispensable for practical applications. It is very natural to use built-in constraint atoms together with user-defined atoms when formalizing logical problems using first-order formulas. In the presence of built-in constraint atoms, however, the conventional Skolemization in general preserves neither the satisfiability nor the logical meaning of a given first-order formula, motivating us to step outside the conventional Skolemization and the usual space of first- order formulas. We propose general solutions for proof problems and query-answering (QA) problems on first-order formulas possibly with built-in constraint atoms. We map, by using new meaning-preserving Skolemization, all proof problems and all QA problems, preserving their answers, into a new class of model-intersection (MI) problems on an extended clause space, where clauses are in a sense ``higher-order'' since they may contain not only built-in constraint atoms but also function variables. We propose a general schema for solving this class of MI problems by equivalent transformation (ET), where problems are solved by repeated simplification using ET rules. The correctness of this solution schema is shown. Since MI problems in this paper form a very large class of logical problems, this theory is also useful for inventing solutions for many classes of logical problems.
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Short Papers
Paper Nr: 6
Title:

Reconstruction of Implied Semantic Relations in Russian Wiktionary
Authors:

Serge Klimenkov, Evgenij Tsopa, Alexey Pismak and Alexander Yarkeev
Abstract: There were several attempts to retrieve semantic relations from free, online Wiktionary for Russian language. Previous works combine automatic parsing of wiki snapshot with experts’ assistance. Our main goal is to create machine readable lexical ontology from Russian Wiktionary, maximally close to its online state. This article provides approach to automatic creation of explicit and implicit semantic relations between words (lexemes) and meanings (senses) to provide exact relations from sense to sense. Explicit semantic relations are constructed comparatively easy. For example, if the lexeme contains single sense, then all relations that point to the lexeme will point to this single sense. Reconstruction of implicit relations relies on logical conclusions from already created explicit ones. Several algorithms for implicit semantic links were developed and tested on Russian Wiktionary. There were parsed more than 550000 online pages, containing about 250000 Russian lexemes with about 500000 senses in them, but only about 20% of these senses were linked with at least one external lexeme. About 47% of explicitly existing links were resolved as “sense-to-sense” relations and about 28% of new implicit “sense-to-sense” links were reconstructed. 53% of lexemes’ references could not be resolved to exact sense.
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Paper Nr: 12
Title:

An Ontology-enabled Context-aware Learning Record Store Compatible with the Experience API
Authors:

Jonas Anseeuw, Stijn Verstichel, Femke Ongenae, Ruben Lagatie, Sylvie Venant and Filip De Turck
Abstract: In education, learners no longer perform learning activities in a well-defined and static environment like a physical classroom. Digital learning environments promote learners anytime, anywhere and anyhow learning. As such, the context in which learners undertake these learning activities can be very diverse. To optimize learning and the environment in which it occurs, learning analytics measure data about learners and their context. Unfortunately, current state of the art standards and systems are limited in capturing the context of the learner. In this paper we present a Learning Record Store (LRS), compatible with the Experience API, that is able to capture the learners’ context, more concretely his location and used device. We use ontologies to model the xAPI and context information. The data is stored in a RDF triple store to give access to different services. The services will show the advantages of capturing context information. We tested our system by sending statements from 100 learners completing 20 questions to the LRS.
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Paper Nr: 17
Title:

Unfolding Existentially Quantified Sets of Extended Clauses
Authors:

Kiyoshi Akama and Ekawit Nantajeewarawat
Abstract: Conventional theories cannot solve many logical problems due to the limitations of the underlying clause space. In conventional clauses, all variables are universally quantified and no existential quantification is allowed. Conventional clauses are therefore not sufficiently expressive for representing first-order formulas. To extend clauses with the expressive power of existential quantification, variables of a new type, called function variables, have been introduced, resulting in a new space of extended clauses, called ECLS_F. This new space is necessary to overcome the limitations of the conventional clause space. To solve problems on ECLS_F, many equivalent transformation rules are used. We formally defined unfolding transformation on ECLS_F, which is applicable not only to definite clauses but also to multi-head clauses. The proposed unfolding transformation preserves the answers to model-intersection problems and is useful for solving many logical problems such as proof problems and query-answering problems on first-order logic with built-in constraint atoms.
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Paper Nr: 21
Title:

SOCUDO-SCACLO: Ontologies for Socio-cultural Aware Collaborative Learning
Authors:

Fadoua Ouamani, Narjès Bellamine Ben Saoud and Henda Hajjami Ben Ghézala
Abstract: At the time of a computer supported collaborative learning (CSCL) activity that brings together participants from different cultures, the need and the expectations of the latter from the collaborative system are not the same at many levels (Graphic user interface, activity content, pedagogical resources, functionalities). From this context, was born the need to adapt these environments to the socio-cultural specificities of learners. To do that, we need first to model theses specificities, their impacts on learners and their learning. The proposed adaptation approach is then based on an ontology framework SOCUDO-SCACLO composed of two ontologies. SOCUDO is a generic core ontology that models the socio-cultural characteristics of any user of any application while SCACLO is a domain ontology that models their impacts on Collaborative Learning domain variables. The instantiation of SOCUDO triggers the instantiation of SCACLO based on association rules that infer SCACLO concepts values from SOCUDO concept values. The merging of the instances allows building a socio-cultural profile for each user which is used to personalize the layout, the content and the functionalities of such environments. In this paper, we report the results of our ontology engineering effort to build this framework, to operationalize it and evaluate its benefits to socio-cultural adaptation of CSCL environments.
Paper Nr: 22
Title:

Information Search in Ontology Visualization – An Eyetracking User Study of Indented List on Desktop and Tablet Computers
Authors:

Anh Huynh and Bo Fu
Abstract: A large amount of research efforts have focused on designing and developing ontology visualization methods over the years, but less effort in comparison has been put on evaluating usability support of these existing ontology visualization techniques particularly in rising interaction mediums such as touchscreen devices. This paper investigates the visual support of indented list visualization - traditionally designed for desktop computers - in the context of class search activities using traditional desktop computers as well as tablet computers. Using task-based user studies conducted on desktop and tablet computers, we analysed the difference between task success, task speed, eye gaze, as well as qualitative data collected from usability questionnaires, we found that the indented list visualization is not as effective on tablet computers with increased gaze activities, where many users preferred using it on desktop computers.
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Paper Nr: 25
Title:

CDM-Core: A Manufacturing Domain Ontology in OWL2 for Production and Maintenance
Authors:

Luca Mazzola, Patrick Kapahnke, Marko Vujic and Matthias Klusch
Abstract: Ontology engineering is known to be a complex, time-consuming, and costly process, in particular, if an ontology has to be developed from scratch, and respective domain knowledge has to be formally encoded. This paper presents the largest publicly available manufacturing ontology CDM-Core in the standard formal ontology language OWL2 (available at: http://sourceforge.net/projects/cdm-core/). The CDM-Core ontology has been developed within the European research project CREMA in close collaboration with the user partners in order to sufficiently cover the CREMA use case domains of metal press maintenance and automative exhaust production. CDM-Core makes use of many relevant standard vocabularies and ontologies, with only about one fifth of its size being CREMA use case specific. The practical applicability of CDM-Core for semantic annotation of domain-related process models, sensor data and services has been approved by the user partners, and its quality according to selected common criteria of verification and validation was successfully evaluated. From the public release of the CDM-Core, we expect to cover the lack of a base common ontology for the manufacturing domain, thanks to feedbacks from industrial reuse and improvements from the community.
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Paper Nr: 28
Title:

Qualitative Reasoning for Understanding the Behaviour of Complex Biomolecular Networks
Authors:

Ali Ayadi, Cecilia Zanni-Merk and François de Beuvron de Bertrand
Abstract: Understanding the dynamical behaviour of cellular systems requires the development of effective modelling techniques. The modeling aims to facilitate the study and understanding of the dynamic behaviour of these systems, by the simulation of their designed models. Complex biomolecular networks are the basis of these models. In this paper, we propose a method of qualitative reasoning, based on a formal logical modeling, to qualitatively simulate the biomolecular network and interpret it behaviour over time. The power of our approach is illustrated by applying it to the case study of the autoregulation of the bacteriophage T4 gene 32.
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Paper Nr: 31
Title:

Developing a Model of Agreement Negotiation Dialogue
Authors:

Mare Koit
Abstract: We are investigating human-human dialogues in the Estonian dialogue corpus with the further aim to develop a dialogue system which carries out negotiations with a user in a natural language. Two sub-corpora are analysed and compared: (1) MSN conversations, and (2) everyday dialogues, both phone calls and face-to-face conversations. In the dialogues, the participants are trying to achieve an agreement about doing an action. The structure of negotiations is represented as a sequence of dialogue acts. A special case of negotiation – debate where the participants have contradictory communicative goals – has been implemented as an experimental dialogue system.
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Paper Nr: 32
Title:

Data Integration and Visualization for Knowledge Mapping in Strasbourg University
Authors:

Amira Essaid, Quynh Nguyen Thi and Cecilia Zanni-Merk
Abstract: The work described in this paper is part of the IDEX (excellence initiative) project ``Complex Identities" launched by Strasbourg University in 2015. The main goal is to map available knowledge in Strasbourg university in order to provide a comprehensive and structured view of its different components. Our approach consists, first, in building an ontology able to represent available knowledge in the university, making it understandable by users. Then, we are interested in visualizing the ontology to help users explore easily the represented knowledge.
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Paper Nr: 35
Title:

A Bayesian Approach for Weighted Ontologies and Semantic Search
Authors:

Anna Formica, Michele Missikoff, Elaheh Pourabbas and Francesco Taglino
Abstract: Semantic similarity search is one of the most promising methods for improving the performance of retrieval systems. This paper presents a new probabilistic method for ontology weighting based on a Bayesian approach. In particular, this work addresses the semantic search method SemSim for evaluating the similarity among a user request and semantically annotated sources. Each resource is annotated with a vector of features (annotation vector), i.e., a set of concepts defined in a reference ontology. Analogously, a user request is represented by a collection of desired features. The paper shows, on the bases of a comparative study, that the adoption of the Bayesian weighting method improves the performance of the SemSim method.
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Paper Nr: 38
Title:

OntoMetrics: Putting Metrics into Use for Ontology Evaluation
Authors:

Birger Lantow
Abstract: Automatically calculated metrics are needed in order to evaluate ontology quality. Otherwise, major resources are required in order to manually assess certain Quality Criteria of an ontology. While there is rule based support for the detection modelling errors and the violation of ontology modelling guidelines, there is a lack of support for calculating ontology metrics. However, metrics can serve as indicators for possible quality problems that are not covered rule based ontology evaluation. Many metrics have been proposed that correlate for example with ontology characteristics like Readability, Adaptability, and Reusability. However, there is a lack of tool support. OntoMetrics provides free access to metric definition and calculation. Furthermore it fosters the development of knowledge regarding the application of Ontology Metrics. This paper provides theoretical background and usage scenarios for the OntoMetrics on-line platform.
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Paper Nr: 39
Title:

Empowering the Model-driven Engineering of Robotic Applications using Ontological Semantics and Reasoning
Authors:

Stefan Zander, Nadia Ahmed and Yingbing Hua
Abstract: This work discusses two scenarios in which the model-driven engineering of robotic applications can be improved using ontological semantics and reasoning. The objective of the presented approach is to facilitate reuse and interoperability between cooperating software and hardware components. Central to the presented approach is the usage of ontologies and description logics as knowledge representation frameworks for the axiomatic description of component metadata models. In the first scenario, we show how application templates can be created using the concept of placeholders in which requirements for integrating external components can be axiomatically specified and eligible components can be computed using subsumption reasoning. The second scenario extends this idea for the inference of compatibilities between cooperating components. The practical applicability of the approach is demonstrated by a concrete use case from the ReApp project.
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Paper Nr: 44
Title:

Avionics Maintenance Ontology Building for Failure Diagnosis Support
Authors:

Luis Palacios, Gaëlle Lortal, Claire Laudy, Christian Sannino, Ludovic Simon, Giuseppe Fusco, Yue Ma and Chantal Reynaud
Abstract: In the aviation industry, the delay in maintaining or recovering aircrafts heavily impacts the profit of an airline company. Consequently the maintenance actions identification and planning of aircrafts is crucial. However, due to the complexity of the domain in terms of data sources, distributed systems and information availability, it is hard to provide automatic maintenance support. We propose to use semantic technologies to model the domain at a conceptual level through ontology, thus abstracting from the data sources and the maintenancers’uses and jobs. In this manner the information relevant for characterizing failures and maintenance events is encapsulated and provided to end users via an easier access, which otherwise would be inaccessible or would require expert analysis to obtain. Such a formal model of the domain can furthermore enable automated reasoning for maintenance discovery and failure causes detection by integrating a large amount of background contextual information scattering in different resources. In this paper we provide the rationale of the Avionics Maintenance ontology i.e. how we built it through expert knowledge and alignment of different sources and an ontology alignment evaluation tool.
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Paper Nr: 2
Title:

The Federated Ontology of the PAL Project - Interfacing Ontologies and Integrating Time-dependent Data
Authors:

Hans-Ulrich Krieger, Rifca Peters, Bernd Kiefer, Michael A. van Bekkum, Frank Kaptein and Mark A. Neerincx
Abstract: This paper describes ongoing work carried out in the European project PAL which will support children in their diabetes self-management as well as assist health professionals and parents involved in the diabetes regimen of the child. Here, we will focus on the construction of the PAL ontology which has been assembled from several independently developed sub-ontologies and which are brought together by a set of hand-written interface axioms, expressed in OWL. We will describe in detail how the triple model of RDF has been extended towards transaction time in order to represent time-varying data. Examples of queries and rules involving temporal information will be presented as well. The approach is currently been in use in diabetes camps.
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Paper Nr: 7
Title:

Toward User Profile Representation in Adapted Mediation Systems
Authors:

Sara Ouaftouh, Ahmed Zellou and Ali Idri
Abstract: The amount of information offered by different software systems is growing exponentially and the need of personalized approaches for information access increases. This personalization aims to offer the user the pertinent information corresponding to his needs basing on his profile. For the same purpose, mediation systems have to identify user preferences in order to offer him the most relevant information .In this work we discuss different representations of user profile models designed for providing personalized information access in order to make a comparison and identify the most appropriate for our context in mediation systems.
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Paper Nr: 18
Title:

Ontological Approach to Share Product Design Semantics for an Assembly
Authors:

Baha Hasan, Jan Wikander and Mauro Onori
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to facilitate the transfer of product data semantics from Computer Aided Design (CAD) program to assembly process planning (APP) in product life- cycle. In this paper, an approach to capture, share and transfer assembly design semantic data from SolidWorks (SW) CAD software to assembly device (robot Sony SRX series) is proposed. The proposed approach is based, on its first stage, on defining and extracting assembly design semantics from a CAD model using SolidWorks Application Programmable Interface (SW- API). The second stage of the proposed approach includes sharing and integrating the extracted assembly design semantics with assembly robot device by using three-layer ontology structure. In this layered ontology, different types of ontologies are proposed for each layer: general foundation ontology for the first, domain ontologies for the second and application ontology for the third. Each of these layers aids in defining concepts, relations and properties in assembly design domain and APP domain. Ultimately, the proposed ontology will be used to integrate both domains in product-life cycle.
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Paper Nr: 20
Title:

Towards a Semantic Approach for the Design of Social Network Users’ Geographical Trajectories
Authors:

Hadhami Ounissi, Marwa Manaa and Jalel Akaichi
Abstract: The volume of data keeps growing rapidly, especially with the arrival and the frequent access to social networks. The spread of these networks provides users the opportunity to share their social, geographical and temporal information through geo-localized tweets and check-ins. The challenge is to exploit these data leads to a decision in favour of different situations encountered by these users. Thus, if we successfully analyze their trends according to the models of users’ movements, we can then draw conclusions about the evolution of their instantaneous behavior and accomplished activities. But, the problem is that the use of such data decrees the provision of a representative formalism that combines spatial data and user information. In this paper, we propose an approach for a semantic modeling of social network users’ trajectories. To do so, ontology seems to be a promising solution that allows us to annotate raw trajectories with semantic information to give birth to semantic trajectories. Such semantic trajectories are then analyzed in order to detect user behavior in a dynamic way.
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Paper Nr: 29
Title:

Enhancing Community Detection in Social Network using Ontology
Authors:

Salma Khattab, Abeer ElKorany and Akram Salah
Abstract: In recent years, social networks have been spread widely. Within social network, people tend to form communities in order to have more chances to share opinions, experiences and expertise. Users in social networks belong to the same community according to their behaviour and common interest. This paper presents a semantic approach for community extraction based on identifying the interest of user in order to group them into communities. An ontological user profile is created indicating user interest that is associated with items domain ontology. A set of experiments was applied using real dataset (BookCrossing) to measure the accuracy of the proposed semantic-based framework.
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Paper Nr: 37
Title:

Concept-based versus Realism-based Approach to Represent Neuroimaging Observations
Authors:

Emna Amdouni and Bernard Gibaud
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to argue why we should adopt a realism-based approach to describe neuroimaging features that are involved in clinical assessments rather than a concept-based approach. This work is a part of a proposal aiming at making explicit the meaning of neuroimaging observations via realism-based ontologies.
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Paper Nr: 40
Title:

Temporal Interval Modeling for UML Activity Diagrams
Authors:

Joanna Isabelle Olszewska
Abstract: The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a conceptual language which is nowadays widely used to describe and model complex processes. At the origin, UML is focused on structural and behavioural modeling rather than on temporal one, whereas time notion is omnipresent in real-world processes. Hence, in this paper, we propose to introduce new temporal notations complementing standard UML activity diagrams notations in order to model the time aspect of processes in terms of temporal interval concepts. Experiments within real-world scenario have demonstrated the usefulness and efficiency of our developed approach.